Reduced renal perfusion results in decreased urine output and retention of fluid. This presentation aims to enable students to understand basic aspects of the anatomy and physiology of human body systems. Then we will discuss how these coordinated contractions produce the pumping cycle of the heart. The branch of biology that is concerned with normal functions of living organisms and their parts.
Blood vessels allow blood to circulate to all parts of the body. Cardiac physiology or heart function is the study of healthy, unimpaired function of the heart. Heart physiology department of pediatrics uwmadison. It has a fourchambered, double pump and is located in the thoracic. Before a baby is born, very little blood sent to the lungs, most is diverted away from. Ppt on heart anatomy and physiology powerpoint presentations. The physiology of the heart and vascular system changes dramatically around the time of birth. As such, intrathoracic pressure changes throughout respiratory phases can have varying effects on cardiac function. Draw the human heart and the main blood vessels inout of the heart. First, we will discuss the role of the electrical conduction system of the heart in coordinating heart contractions. View and download powerpoint presentations on anatomy and physiology of heart ppt. Anatomy, physiology, and function medical news today. The heart lies in the center of the thoracic cavity see also web anatomy tutorial section and is suspended by its attachment to the great vessels within a fibrous sac known as the pericardium. Initially during a valsalva, intrathoracic intrapleural pressure becomes very positive due to compression of the thoracic organs by the contracting rib cage.
If you are going to prepare a seminar you can compare with multiple similar presentations given here, some times if you are busy you can use these slides as such without any modification or with slight modification. The heart coronary arteries because the heart is composed primarily of cardiac muscle tissue that continuously contracts and relaxes, it must have a constant supply of oxygen and nutrients. The thoracic cavity, when intact and closed, constrains the heart and lungs to a limited space. Ppt cardiovascular physiology powerpoint presentation. Without any neural stimulation, the sinoatrial node rhythmically initiates impulses 70 to 80 times per minute. This increased external pressure on the heart and thoracic blood vessels compresses the vessels and cardiac chambers by decreasing the transmural pressure across their walls. Martini all ppt files chapter 1 chapter 2 chapter 2 chapter 3 chapter 4 chapter 5 chapter 6 chapter 7 chapter 8 chapter 10 chapter 11 chapter 12 chapter chapter 14.
Prior to birth, the heart works in concert with the mothers placenta to provide oxygen rich blood to the body of the baby. The human heart is located within the thoracic cavity, medially between the lungs in the space known as the mediastinum. In heart failure, there is a compensatory increase in blood volume that serves to increase ventricular preload and thereby enhance stroke volume by the frankstarling mechanism. The heart is a muscular organ roughly the size of a closed fist. Heart failure mat maurer, md irving assistant professor of medicine outline definitions and classifications epidemiology muscle and chamber function pathophysiology heart failure.
The heart pumps blood through a closed system of blood vessels. Functional anatomy of the heart cardiovascular physiology. American journal of physiologyheart and circulatory. Physiology of cardiovascular system physiology of the. Mbbs first year physiology lecture powerpoint slides.
Cardiovascular physiology blood flow through the heart, cardiac action potentials, and. Arteries usually colored red because oxygen rich, carry blood away from the heart to capillaries within the tissues. Cardiac cycle ventricular systole isovolumic contraction ejection ventricular diastole. Cardiac cycle ventricular systole isovolumic contraction ejection ventricular diastole isovolumic relaxation rapid filling. An inability of the heart to pump blood at a sufficient rate to meet the metabolic demands of the body e.
Contents anatomy of the heart physiology of the heart conduction system of the heart arterial and venous system cardiac auscultation 3. As the heart contracts, it pumps blood around the body. The heart is innervated by the autonomic nerves from superficial and deep cardiac plexuses. Heart blood vessels blood general functions these provide transportation everything transported by the blood regulation of the cardiovascular system intrinsic v extrinsic protection against blood loss productionsynthesis. Heart structure and functions the modest size and weight of the heart give few hints of its incredible strength.
Ecg examines how depolarization events occur in the heart the electrical activity of the heart originates in the sinoatrial node. Anatomy the branch of science that deals with the structure of body parts, their forms, and how they are organized. Heart physiology heart 1 heart 2 heart 3 heart 4 heart 5 sa node av node common bundle bundle branches purkinje fibers heart 6 heart vascularization aorta heart conduction the cardiac cycle arterial buffering function diastole systole bloodstream neonatal cardiomyocytes adult cardiomyocytes cardiac muscle cells layers of the heart pericardium myocardium fibrous pericardium. Introduction to human bod y powerpoint presentation. The coronary arteries are the network of blood vessels that carry oxygen and nutrientrich blood to the cardiac muscle tissue.
The constant beating of the heart is controlled by the conducting system of the heart, which is a series of specialized nerve tissues that fire through the. Anatomy and physiology the heart atrium heart heart. Cardiovascular anatomythe pulmonary valve controls blood flowfrom the right ventricle into the pulmonaryarteries, which carry blood to your. The heart is composed of cardiac muscle, an involuntary muscle tissue that is found only within this organ. Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free. The gross physiology of the cardiovascular system 1 introduction at a time when knowledge about microvascular physiology and subcellular myocardial and vascular biochemistry has accumulated at such a tremendous rate, i perceive that a realistic global understanding of the cardiovascular system has been.
Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about anatomy and physiology of heart ppt. View and download powerpoint presentations on guyton physiology ppt. Squamous cells, or pavement cells, are thin, flat cells that line the mouth, blood vessels, heart, and lungs. The cardiovascular system, therefore, consists of a closed circuit.
Cardiovascular physiology blood flow through the heart, cardiac action potentials, and cardiac cycle. The american journal of physiologyheart and circulatory physiology publishes original investigations on the physiology of the heart, blood vessels, and lymphatics, including experimental and theoretical studies of cardiovascular function at all levels of organization ranging from the intact animal to the cellular, subcellular, and molecular levels. Valve pathology incompetent valve backflow and repump stenosis stiff heart workload increased may be replaced lup dub heart sound cardiac pathology rapid heart beat inadequate blood angina pectoris pathology of the heart damage to av node release of ventricles from control slower heart beat slower heart beat can lead to. The first part of the conduction system is the sinoatrial node. The science of anatomy and physiology the science of anatomy and physiology anatomy the study of internal and external structures and the physical relationship between body parts greek a cutting open. Functional anatomy of the heart intrinsic conduction system consists of pacemaker cells and conduction pathways coordinate the contraction of the atria and ventricles lecture outline cardiovascular system function functional anatomy of the heart myocardial physiology autorhythmic cells pacemaker cells. Weighs about 325 gm is males and about 275 gm in females. Heart failure is also incredibly morbid, with a 5year mortality of 50%, which is worse than most common forms of cancer.
Because it establishes the basic rhythm of the heartbeat, it is called the pacemaker of the heart. Handbook of cardiac anatomy, physiology, and devices. The human heart is a hollow, coneshaped, muscular organ roughly the size of its owners fist that weighs approximately 9 to 12 oz 250350 g size of the human heart. Physiology deals on how the systems of the body work, and the ways in which their integrated cooperation maintains life and health of an individual. Venous compression, and the accompanying large increase in. Power point the cardiovascular system anatomy and physiology. The cardiovascular system is a closed system if the heart and blood vessels. Cardiovascular physiology ziser 2404 lecture notes, 2005 1 cardiovascular physiology heart physiology for the heart to work properly contraction and relaxation of chambers must be coordinated cardiac muscle tissue differs from smooth and skeletal muscle tissues in several ways that suit its function in the heart. Theyll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance the kind of sophisticated look that todays audiences expect.
Download heart anatomy and physiology presentation transcript. The deep cardiac plexus is located on the bifurcation of the trachea, and the superficial cardiac plexus is located on the base of the heart below the arch of the aorta. Winner of the standing ovation award for best powerpoint templates from presentations magazine. In this article, we outline the basic anatomy of the heart, the types of cells and tissues involved, and how your heartbeat is generated. Cardiovascular anatomyweighs between 200400 gramsby the end of a normal life it may have beat more than 3. The cardiovascular system is constantly adapting to maintain homeostasis in the body, specifically to maintain oxygen perfusion of tissues. The heart measures about 5 in cm long from base to apex, 3. Cardiovascular physiology is the study of the cardiovascular system, specifically addressing the physiology of the heart cardio and blood vessels vascular these subjects are sometimes addressed separately, under the names cardiac physiology and circulatory physiology although the different aspects of cardiovascular physiology are closely interrelated, the subject is still usually. Worlds best powerpoint templates crystalgraphics offers more powerpoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. The heart is a hollow muscle that pumps blood throughout the blood vessels by repeated, rhythmic contractions. Anatomy and physiology of the cardiovascular system.
The term cardiac as in cardiology means related to the heart and comes from the greek word kardia, for heart. Definitions an inability of the heart to pump blood at a sufficient rate to meet the metabolic demands of the body e. It sits in the chest, slightly to the left of center. Ppt cardiovascular anatomy and physiology powerpoint. If the waveform is travelling in a direction perpendicular to the line joining the sites where the two leads are placed, no deflection or a biphasic deflection will be produced. The heart will adapt via multiple variables such as heart rate, stroke volume, preload, afterload, diastole, and. Blood vessels heart sounds characteristics of blood. Normally located in the middle and slightly to the left side of the thoracic cavity on the diaphragm between 3rd and 5th ribs. In order to understand how that happens, it is necessary to understand the anatomy and physiology of the heart. Anatomy and physiology nursing powerpoint presentations. Anatomy of the heart the cardiovascular system can be compared to a muscular pump equipped with oneway valves and a system of large and small plumbing tubes within which the blood travels. The cardiovascular system is a continuous, fluidfilled elastic circuit with a pump. Anatomy and physiology of the cardiovascular system anatomy and physiology of the cardiovascular system chemical regulation of heart rate hormones.
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